The image compares how much primary energy reaches the wheels in three different vehicle scenarios: Petrol Car: 13–21% of primary energy reaches the wheels, with 56–60% lost as engine heat and large losses during crude oil extraction, refining, and fuel distribution. Electric Car (on today's grid mix): 43–45% of primary energy reaches the wheels, losing energy through power station generation, grid transmission, charging, and the drivetrain. Electric Car (on wind & solar electricity): 77–80% of primary energy reaches the wheels, bypassing fossil fuel generation losses and achieving the highest overall efficiency.